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Italian battleship Conte di Cavour
''Conte di Cavour'' was the name ship of the three s built for the Royal Italian Navy (''Regia Marina'') in the 1910s. She served during both World War I and World War II, although she was little used and saw no combat during the former. The ship supported operations during the Corfu Incident in 1923 and spent much of the rest of the decade in reserve. She was rebuilt between 1933 and 1937 with more powerful guns, additional armor and considerably more speed than before.
Both ''Conte di Cavour'' and her sister ship, , participated in the Battle of Calabria in July 1940, where the latter was lightly damaged. They were both present when British torpedo bombers attacked the fleet at Taranto in November 1940, and ''Conte di Cavour'' was torpedoed. She was deliberately grounded, with most of her hull underwater, and her repairs were not completed before the Italian surrender in September 1943. The ship was then captured by the Germans, but they made no use of her. She was damaged in an Allied air raid in early 1945 and capsized seven days later. ''Conte di Cavour'' was eventually scrapped in 1946.
==Description==
''Conte di Cavour'' was long at the waterline, and long overall. The ship had a beam of , and a draft of .〔Gardiner & Gray, p. 259〕 She displaced at normal load, and at deep load. She had a crew of 31 officers and 969 enlisted men.〔Giorgerini, pp. 270, 272〕 The ship's machinery consisted of four Parsons steam turbines, each driving one propeller shaft. Steam for the turbines was provided by 20 Blechynden water-tube boilers, eight of which burned fuel oil, and twelve which burned both oil and coal. Designed to reach a maximum speed of from , ''Conte di Cavour'' failed to reach this goal on her sea trials, despite generally exceeding the rated power of her turbines. The ship only made a maximum speed of using . She had a cruising radius of at .〔
The ship was armed with a main battery of thirteen guns in three triple-gun turret and two twin-gun turrets, designated 'A', 'B', 'Q', 'X', and 'Y' from front to rear. The secondary battery comprised eighteen guns, all mounted in casemates in the sides of the hull. ''Conte di Cavour'' was also armed with fourteen guns. As was customary for capital ships of the period, she was equipped with three submerged torpedo tubes. She was protected with Krupp cemented steel manufactured by Terni. The belt armor was thick and the main deck was thick. The conning tower and main battery turrets were protected with worth of armor plating.〔Giorgerini, pp. 271–72〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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